The word ‘mitochondria’ has been floating around in the wellness space of late. But what does the term actually mean in relation to our bodies and our health, and how can you distinguish between fact and fiction when it comes to maintaining your own levels? Here’s what the EV Experts need you to know.

What exactly are mitochondria?

As mentioned, there’s been a noticeable increase in interest around mitochondria lately in the media, but what actually are they, and how do they benefit us? EV Expert, GP and Aesthetician Dr Ahmed El Muntasar explains that the Mitochondria are crucial in the healthy functioning of our cells.

”Mitochondria, AKA the powerhouse of our cells, are essentially where energy is generated,” he says. “Their main function is to generate ATP, or adipose triphosphate. This is basically the molecule that gives us energy and it’s very, very important to maintain the energy of the cells on a molecular level.”

Not only are mitochondria crucial for energy and preventing fatigue, they also have other key benefits, says El Muntasar. “They help with apoptosis, which is programmed cell death (getting rid of abnormal or unwanted cells), as well as defending our cells from stress.”

It’s important to understand that, “each mitochondrion contains its own DNA, known as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is essential for their function,” notes EV Expert and Cosmetic Physician Dr Emmaline Ashley (more on this later).

How can depleted levels impact wellness?

As we’ve established, these are an important part of our make-up, so it’s natural to make an assumption that depleted levels of the mitochondria can impact the way our body functions.

“Mitochondrial depletion refers to a significant reduction in mtDNA within cells, compromising cellular energy production and function,” explains Dr Emmaline. “This depletion can be seen in certain genetic disorders and can lead to symptoms such as chronic fatigue, muscle weakness, and cognitive challenges.”

A lower level can also “make us more susceptible to metabolic, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases,” adds Dr El Muntasar.

Some mitochondrial depletion is natural as we age, however Dr Emmaline feels that it's not entirely clear if the decline causes ageing or reflects it.

What if you think your levels are lower than usual?

As already discussed, the mitochondria affect our energy, so decreased levels may be your first sign. EV Expert, Director and Medical Practitioner Dr. Raquel Amado says you should look out for fatigue and low energy, any brain fog, muscle weakness and slower recovery, or poor immune function.

It goes without saying that if you are concerned in any way, you should always discuss your worries with a doctor. Dr Ahmed recommends you visit your GP, bearing in mind you may be referred to a specialist, such as a professional in metabolic medicine.

“True mitochondrial depletion secondary to a genetic disorder or other disease, should be addressed and properly diagnosed by a medical professional,” concludes Dr Ashley, who reminds us that a natural depletion as we age is to be expected.  

How can you boost your mitochondria levels? 

As mentioned, visiting a doctor is essential if you are concerned about mitochondria (or any symptoms relating to your energy levels as a whole). However, if you want to ensure yours are at their healthiest levels, there are steps you can take.

Dr Amado notes that addressing your diet, fitness and lifestyle choices is a great place to start. Food-wise, she encourages a diet full of antioxidant-rich options. "Mitochondria are susceptible to oxidative stress, so foods high in antioxidants such as berries, leafy greens and nuts help reduce damage—mitochondria also thrive on fats, especially omega-3 fatty acids from sources like fish, flaxseed and chia seeds."

Along with a good amount of physical exercise and quality sleep, Dr Amado also suggests trying cold exposure and even red and near-infrared light therapy. “Studies show these wavelengths penetrate skin and can stimulate mitochondrial function, especially in muscle and brain cells. Many people use red light devices for enhanced energy, reduced inflammation, and quicker recovery,” she says.

It’s important to note, says Dr Ashley, that certain claims within the wellness space lack solid evidence. “While there are ongoing studies in cellular biology and potential interventions, more research is needed to establish any definitive strategies,” she says. She encourages regular physical exercise as the most recommended and evidence-backed method to support mitochondrial function, with balanced nutrition and healthy lifestyle practices as essential complements.

If you have any concerns about your energy levels, consult your GP.